手术入路上,均采用三角肌外侧入路:沿三角肌前束、中束之间的腱膜缝隙劈开三角肌;远端识别腋神经,解剖范围不越过腋神经,无需为固定而进一步扩大显露。切除三角肌下滑囊,显露骨折床及移位骨块。将牵引缝线穿过肩袖上部及后部肌腱,控制、牵拉移位骨折块。大结节采用双排缝合桥+螺钉联合固定结构。两枚双线缝合锚钉(Arthrex,美国)置于骨折床内侧,锚钉置于后内侧,对齐冈下肌、冈上肌牵拉移位骨块的受力方向。全部缝线在肌腱‑骨交界位置穿过肩袖组织。 每枚锚钉分出2根缝线用于内侧排固定,以褥式方式穿过肩袖;每枚锚钉剩余缝线作为外侧排,从内侧排缝线的内侧穿过肩袖。▲ 图源:Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery (2025) 145:461(彩色原图见原始文献或骨科青年群分享)牵引缝线辅助复位骨折,透视确认复位满意后置入4mm部分螺纹空心螺钉;螺钉数量根据术中骨折粉碎程度、骨块大小决定。实时透视确认骨折复位良好,螺钉不得穿透肱骨头关节面。 先打结两枚锚钉的内侧排缝线;再将两枚锚钉的外侧排缝线跨过大结节骨块形成盒式缝合桥结构,使用4.75mm SwiveLock 免结锚钉固定外侧排。外侧排锚钉位置更靠前,靠近二头肌腱沟,贴合冈下肌、后方冈上肌的牵拉受力方向。▲ 图源:Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery (2025) 145:461(彩色原图见原始文献或骨科青年群分享)双排锚钉缝线桥固定模式图及固定后影像:
▲ 图源:Chen et al. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders (2026) 27:569多角度透视,全范围活动肩关节,排除肩峰撞击,确认大结节骨折固定稳定、螺钉长度合适:本期内容介绍简图:【本期文献】【1】Zeng LQ, Chen YF, Jiang YW, Zeng LL, Miao XG, Liang WG. A new low-profile anatomic locking plate for fixation of comminuted, displaced greater tuberosity fractures of the proximal humerus. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2021 Jun;30(6):1402-1409.【2】Ko, S.‐H., Oh, J., Park, K.‐B., Oh, S. & Jeon, Y. D. (2025) Excellent clinical and radiological outcomes after arthroscopic reduction and double row‐suture bridge for large‐sized greater tuberosity fractures of the humerus. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 33, 1500–1506.【3】Molokwu B, Xu J, Myerson CL, Cecora A, Ragland D, Ben-Ari E, Virk M. Outcomes of Displaced Greater Tuberosity Fractures Treated with Screw Fixation and Double Row Suture Bridge Technique. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2025 Oct 6;145(1):461.【4】Chen Z, He Y, Qiu Q, Zhang S, Xie Q. Hybrid fixation with a double-row suture and low-profile plate for comminuted or avulsed greater tuberosity fractures. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2026 May 9;27(1):569. 【5】Joshi T, Fucich D, Kalva SR, Perry AJ, Yao JJ, Virk MS. Treatment of Greater Tuberosity Fracture: Evidence-Based Strategies for Treatment and Best Practices. JBJS Rev. 2026 May 26;14(5).